A two-day training and empowerment workshop for physicians on the diagnosis, treatment, and comprehensive care of patients with type 2 diabetes was held on July 10-11, 2025, at the Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute. The workshop, attended by a group of general practitioners and specialists, provided participants with an update on the latest 2025 American Diabetes Association (ADA) treatment guidelines, alongside practical training on comprehensive diabetic patient visits, standard foot examination, and diabetic retinopathy screening at the institute's outpatient clinic. Faculty members emphasized the importance of timely screening for neuropathy, peripheral arterial disease, and retinopathy, as well as novel pharmacological approaches including SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists in reducing cardiovascular and renal event risks.

The monthly thyroid conference of the Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute was held with the participation of faculty members and students from various medical specialties. In this session, Dr. Zahra Noori, an internal medicine specialist and endocrinology fellow, presented and reviewed three complex clinical cases of patients with papillary and medullary thyroid carcinoma, and discussed the latest 2025 American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines. She emphasized the importance of a multidisciplinary approach, shared decision-making with patients, and the use of novel therapeutic modalities such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in patients with a history of multiple neck surgeries. The critical role of serum calcitonin and CEA measurements in the differential diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma from other tumors was also highlighted.

Results from a multicenter study in Spain involving 41 men with prolactinomas show that 24% of these tumors are aggressive. In patients with aggressive tumors, the prevalence of visual disturbances (60% vs. 13%), TSH deficiency (70% vs. 13%), and ACTH deficiency (50% vs. 7%) was significantly higher. A stronger correlation was also observed between prolactin levels and tumor diameter in aggressive cases. These findings can aid in the early identification of aggressive tumors and inform a more aggressive therapeutic approach.